The whole of Japji Sahib, one stanza at a time
Your first five minutes
Start with the Mool Mantar
Open it, press play, and let your child read along with the highlighting. Do not correct anything on this first pass — just let them hear the words and follow the line.
Four skills in this level · tap to jump · every level is open
Read
All 41 stanzas in recitation order. Each one opens its own page, with the words highlighted as they are recited.
Work down the list in order rather than picking the short ones first. By this level your child can already decode Punjabi — what is new here is older vocabulary and a sequence they will keep for life, and both are learned in the order the bani is recited.
The opening 2 to read Open →
Where every path begins — and the part most children already half-know by ear.
- Mool Mantar Who God is — the root verse that opens all of Japji Sahib, sealed with its title, Jap. 7 lines
- Opening Salok God's truth has no beginning and no end — the same yesterday, today, and forever. 2 lines
Pauris 1–8 8 to read Open →
Why thinking and silence alone do not get there, through to the first of the Suniai pauris.
- Pauri 1 Why thinking, silence, or riches alone can't reach the Divine — and what can. 6 lines
- Pauri 2 Everything happens within God's Hukam — and understanding this melts away our ego. 6 lines
- Pauri 3 The whole world sings God's praises in countless ways — yet God is beyond all words, and gives without end. 14 lines
- Pauri 4 God and God's Name are forever true — so rise early, remember the Name with love, and live by good actions. 7 lines
- Pauri 5 God cannot be made or installed by anyone — sing God's praises and never forget the one Giver of all. 11 lines
- Pauri 6 Pleasing God matters more than rituals — listen to even one teaching of the Guru and find treasures within. 5 lines
- Pauri 7 A long life, fame, and power mean nothing without God's grace — and only God can make the worthless worthy. 7 lines
- Pauri 8 Listening to God's Name — the first 'Suniai' pauri — lifts us beyond death, fear, and the limits of this world. 6 lines
Pauris 9–16 8 to read Open →
Listening, then trusting — the Suniai and Manne pauris. Long and repetitive, which makes them easier to hold than they look.
- Pauri 9 Listening to God's Name brings divine power, wisdom, and the knowledge of all sacred books — the second 'Suniai' pauri. 6 lines
- Pauri 10 By truly listening to God's Name we receive truth, contentment, knowledge, and lasting joy. 6 lines
- Pauri 11 Listening to God's Name lifts us into virtue and shows the way, even when life feels dark or deep. 6 lines
- Pauri 12 The peace of one who truly trusts and obeys the Naam is so great it cannot be put into words. 6 lines
- Pauri 13 Trusting the Naam awakens awareness and wisdom, and frees us from fear. 6 lines
- Pauri 14 Trusting the Naam clears the road of life and leads us forward with honour and goodness. 6 lines
- Pauri 15 Trusting the Naam opens the door to freedom and lifts up our whole family with us. 6 lines
- Pauri 16 God's whole creation rests on righteousness, born of compassion — and no one can count the Creator's works. 24 lines
Pauris 17–24 8 to read Open →
The "countless" pauris, and the longest stretch in the bani.
- Pauri 17 Countless beings worship, pray, give and meditate on God — far too many to ever count. 12 lines
- Pauri 18 Countless people also do wrong — yet even the humble cannot weigh up God's vast creation. 12 lines
- Pauri 19 Countless names, places and worlds — and everything we know is held up by God's Name. 15 lines
- Pauri 20 Water washes the body and soap cleans clothes — but only love of God's Name cleans the mind. 10 lines
- Pauri 21 Rituals earn only a tiny merit — true cleansing comes from hearing and loving God, whose moment of creation no one knows. 18 lines
- Pauri 22 There are countless worlds above and below — and only God knows the full count of His own creation. 5 lines
- Pauri 23 We can praise God, but never measure His greatness — like rivers that join the ocean without knowing how vast it is. 4 lines
- Pauri 24 There is no end to God's virtues, gifts, or greatness — His Name is higher than the highest. 16 lines
Pauris 25–32 8 to read Open →
Blessings beyond counting, and all of creation singing.
- Pauri 25 God's blessings are too many to count — even our hardships are His gifts, and He gives without any greed. 17 lines
- Pauri 26 Everything about God is priceless — beyond any value we could ever name. 26 lines
- Pauri 27 All of creation sings God's praise — from wind and water to angels and saints — while God watches over everything from His wondrous home. 22 lines
- Pauri 28 The real 'yogi's outfit' is made of inner virtues — and the true win is conquering your own mind. 5 lines
- Pauri 29 Feed on spiritual wisdom and kindness — God runs everything, and worldly powers are just side-flavours. 5 lines
- Pauri 30 Creation unfolds by God's command — and the most amazing thing is that God watches all, unseen. 6 lines
- Pauri 31 God's storehouses fill every world, given once and forever — and the Creator lovingly watches it all. 6 lines
- Pauri 32 Even a million tongues praising God is a ladder upward — but God is reached by grace, not by boasting. 5 lines
Pauris 33–38 6 to read Open →
The realms — from the earth as a school through to the Realm of Truth — and the goldsmith’s workshop at the end.
- Pauri 33 On our own we have no real power — all true strength rests in God's hands alone. 8 lines
- Pauri 34 The earth itself is a school for living rightly — and every soul's deeds are seen in the True Court. 11 lines
- Pauri 35 In the Realm of Knowledge we glimpse how vast creation is — and how endless God truly is. 10 lines
- Pauri 36 Knowledge fills us with wonder and joy, and effort reshapes our mind into something beautiful. 8 lines
- Pauri 37 Grace fills the brave with God's love, and in the Realm of Truth the Formless One lovingly watches over all. 18 lines
- Pauri 38 Living a good life is like a goldsmith's workshop — virtues are the tools that mint the Divine Word within us. 7 lines
The closing Salok 1 to read Open →
Air, water and earth as family. The last words, and the ones most worth knowing by heart.
- Closing Salok Air, water and earth care for us like family — and those who remember God shine, lifting others along with them. 6 lines
The goal
All 41, in one sitting
Reading the stanzas one at a time is the practice. Reading them joined together, start to finish, without stopping, is Level 6. The full path is on a single page so there is nothing to click between stanzas.
Listen
Hear one word out of the recitation and pick it out of four.
Which word was that?
Press play to hear a single word, cut from the recitation of the stanza it belongs to, then tap the Gurmukhi you heard. The English under each option is its meaning.
Tap the one you heard
This drill is one word at a time. For following a whole stanza, open any station in Read and press play — each word lights up as it is recited, which is the same skill over a longer stretch.
Speak
Your child recites; a grown-up listens and corrects on the spot.
There is no recording of ours in this section, because the child is the one speaking. What this level needs instead is a person in the room — which is also how paath has always been learned. You do not have to read Punjabi fluently to do this well.
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1 Your child reads it aloud — you follow along
Open the same stanza on your phone or a second screen so you can see the words while they read. You do not need to read Punjabi fluently yourself; the page shows the transliteration under every line.
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2 Correct at the mistake, not at the end
The moment a word comes out wrong, stop them and say it correctly. Have them repeat that word, then pick the line up again from its start. Saving corrections for the end means the wrong pronunciation gets practised all the way through — and that is the version that sticks.
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3 Two helps, then move on
If a stanza needs more than two corrections, it is not ready to be ticked. Read it together once more and come back to it tomorrow rather than pushing through.
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4 Add it to the run
Once a stanza is clean, recite it joined to the ones before it rather than on its own. The goal is not 41 separate stanzas — it is one unbroken path.
The exit goal
I can recite Japji Sahib aloud to a grown-up — the whole path in one sitting.
Write
Copy out the key words of the stanza your child has just read.
After your child reads a stanza, they copy its key words into a notebook — Gurmukhi first, then the meaning in English beside it. That is 219 words across the whole bani, a few at a time, and every one of them is a word that turns up again elsewhere in Gurbani.
The opening Open →
Mool Mantar
- ੴ Ik Onkar One Creator, present in all
- ਸਤਿ ਨਾਮੁ Sat Naam The Name is true / eternal
- ਕਰਤਾ ਪੁਰਖੁ Kartaa Purakh The Creator; the doer in all
- ਨਿਰਭਉ Nirbhau Without fear
- ਨਿਰਵੈਰੁ Nirvair Without hate; no enemies
- ਅਕਾਲ ਮੂਰਤਿ Akaal Moorat Beyond time; timeless
- ਅਜੂਨੀ Ajoonee Never born; beyond birth
- ਸੈਭੰ Saibhang Self-existing; made by no one
- ਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ Gur Prasaad By the Guru's grace
- ਜਪੁ Jap Lovingly remember (the title)
Opening Salok
- ਆਦਿ Aad The very beginning; primal
- ਸਚੁ Sach True; eternal truth
- ਜੁਗਾਦਿ Jugaad From the start of the ages
- ਹੋਸੀ ਭੀ Hosee bhee Will also be (in the future)
- ਹੈ ਭੀ Hai bhee True even now; exists now
- ਨਾਨਕ Naanak Guru Nanak (the speaker)
- ਆਦਿ ਸਚੁ Aad sach True at the very beginning
- ਜੁਗਾਦਿ ਸਚੁ Jugaad sach True through all the ages
Pauris 1–8 Open →
Pauri 1
- ਸੋਚੈ Sochai By washing / cleansing the body
- ਸਿਆਣਪਾ Siaanpaa Clever ideas; cleverness
- ਸਚਿਆਰਾ Sachiaaraa A true, honest person
- ਹੁਕਮਿ Hukam God's command; the divine order
- ਚੁਪ Chup Silence; being quiet
- ਭੁਖ Bhukh Hunger; craving
- ਕੂੜੈ Koorhai Falsehood; lies
- ਰਜਾਈ Rajaa-ee God's will; His pleasure
- ਲਿਖਿਆ Likhiaa Written; already within us
- ਲਖ Lakh A hundred thousand; countless
- ਨ Na No; not
Pauri 2
- ਹੁਕਮੀ Hukmee By the Hukam; by God's command
- ਆਕਾਰ Aakaar Forms; shapes (all that is created)
- ਵਡਿਆਈ Vadiaa-ee Greatness; honour
- ਹਉਮੈ Haumai Ego; the feeling of 'me and mine'
- ਜੀਅ Jee-a Living beings; souls
- ਉਤਮੁ Utam High; noble
- ਨੀਚੁ Neech Low; lowly
- ਦੁਖ Dukh Sorrow; pain
- ਸੁਖ Sukh Joy; happiness
- ਬਖਸੀਸ Bakhsees Blessings; grace
- ਅੰਦਰਿ Andar Within; inside
- ਬਾਹਰਿ Baahar Outside; beyond
Pauri 3
- ਗਾਵੈ Gaavai Sings; sings praises
- ਦਾਤਿ Daat Gift
- ਹਾਦਰਾ ਹਦੂਰਿ Haadraa Hadoor Ever-present, right here
- ਵੇਪਰਵਾਹੁ Veparvaah Carefree; without worry
- ਤਾਣੁ Taan Power; strength
- ਗੁਣ Gun Virtues; good qualities
- ਵਿਦਿਆ Vidiaa Knowledge; learning
- ਵੀਚਾਰੁ Veechaar Deep reflection; wisdom
- ਦੂਰਿ Door Far away
- ਤਨੁ Tan The body
- ਖੇਹ Kheh Dust; ashes
Pauri 4
- ਸਾਚਾ Saachaa True; ever-real
- ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤ ਵੇਲਾ Amrit velaa The peaceful hours before dawn
- ਦਾਤਾਰੁ Daataar The Great Giver
- ਨਦਰੀ Nadree By God's gracious glance
- ਭਾਉ Bhaau Loving devotion
- ਅਪਾਰੁ Apaar Endless; boundless
- ਦਰਬਾਰੁ Darbaar God's royal court
- ਪਿਆਰੁ Piaar Love; affection
- ਸਚੁ ਨਾਉ Sach naau The True Name
- ਕਰਮੀ Karmee By good actions; by karma
- ਮੋਖੁ Mokh Freedom; liberation
Pauri 5
- ਥਾਪਿਆ Thaapiaa Set up; installed (like an idol)
- ਨਿਰੰਜਨੁ Niranjan Spotless; beyond all stain
- ਗੁਣੀ ਨਿਧਾਨੁ Gunee nidhaan The treasure of all virtues
- ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ Gurmukh Through the Guru; one who follows the Guru
- ਦਾਤਾ Daataa The Giver
- ਕੀਤਾ Keetaa Made; created
- ਸੇਵਿਆ Seviaa Served God lovingly
- ਮਾਨੁ Maan Honour; respect
- ਦੁਖੁ Dukh Sorrow; grief
- ਸੁਖੁ Sukh Peace; comfort
- ਗਾਵੀਐ Gaavee-ai Let us sing
- ਸੁਣੀਐ Sunee-ai Let us listen
Pauri 6
- ਤੀਰਥਿ Teerath A holy place of pilgrimage
- ਭਾਵਾ Bhaavaa To be pleasing (to God)
- ਮਤਿ Mat The mind; understanding
- ਸਿਖ Sikh Teaching; instruction of the Guru
Pauri 7
- ਆਰਜਾ Aarjaa Lifespan; length of life
- ਨਦਰਿ Nadar God's gracious glance
- ਨਿਰਗੁਣਿ Nirgun One without virtues; the unworthy
- ਗੁਣੁ Gun Virtue; goodness
Pauri 8
- ਸੁਣਿਐ Suniai By listening (to God's Name)
- ਕਾਲੁ Kaal Death; the fear of death
- ਭਗਤਾ Bhagtaa Devotees; lovers of God
- ਵਿਗਾਸੁ Vigaas Blossoming joy; happiness
Pauris 9–16 Open →
Pauri 9
- ਸੁਣਿਐ Suniai By listening (to God's Name)
- ਮੰਦੁ Mand One who has gone astray; the lowly
- ਜੁਗਤਿ Jugat The way; the right method
- ਸਾਸਤ ਸਿਮ੍ਰਿਤਿ ਵੇਦ Saasat simrit ved The names of ancient sacred books
Pauri 10
- ਸੁਣਿਐ Suniai By listening; by truly hearing the Name
- ਸੰਤੋਖੁ Santokh Contentment; being happy with what you have
- ਗਿਆਨੁ Giaan Knowledge; understanding
- ਵਿਗਾਸੁ Vigaas Blossoming; joy that opens up like a flower
Pauri 11
- ਸਰਾ Saraa Oceans; deep waters
- ਗੁਣਾ Gunaa Virtues; good qualities
- ਅੰਧੇ Andhe The blind; those who cannot see the way
- ਅਸਗਾਹੁ Asgaahu Unfathomable; too deep to measure
Pauri 12
- ਮੰਨੇ Manne One who trusts and obeys the Naam
- ਗਤਿ Gat State; spiritual condition
- ਕਾਗਦਿ Kaagad Paper
- ਨਿਰੰਜਨੁ Niranjan Spotless; pure and untouched by anything
Pauri 13
- ਮੰਨੈ Mannai By trusting and obeying the Naam
- ਸੁਰਤਿ Surat Awareness; the mind that is awake
- ਬੁਧਿ Budh Wisdom; understanding
- ਸੁਧਿ Sudh Knowledge; clear awareness
Pauri 14
- ਮਾਰਗਿ Maarag Path; the road of life
- ਠਾਕ Thaak Obstacle; a block in the way
- ਪਤਿ Pat Honour; dignity
- ਧਰਮ Dharam Righteousness; living the right way
Pauri 15
- ਮੋਖੁ Mokh Freedom; release from worry and wandering
- ਦੁਆਰੁ Duaar Door; gateway
- ਪਰਵਾਰੈ Parvaarai Family; one's loved ones
- ਤਰੈ Tarai Crosses over; is carried safely across
Pauri 16
- ਪੰਚ Panch The chosen ones; truly good, accepted souls
- ਧਰਮੁ Dharam Righteousness; the law that holds everything in order
- ਦਇਆ Daiaa Compassion; kindness
- ਕੁਦਰਤਿ Kudrat God's creative power; all of creation
- ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ Nirankaar The Formless One; God with no shape
Pauris 17–24 Open →
Pauri 17
- ਅਸੰਖ Asankh Countless; uncountable
- ਜਪ Jap Repeating or remembering God's Name
- ਭਗਤ Bhagat A devoted lover of God
- ਸੂਰ Soor A brave warrior; a hero
- ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ Nirankaar The Formless One; God with no shape
Pauri 18
- ਅਸੰਖ Asankh Countless; uncountable
- ਮੂਰਖ Moorakh A foolish person
- ਅੰਧ AnDh Blind; lost in darkness (here, of the mind)
- ਨੀਚੁ Neech Humble; lowly (Guru Nanak's word for himself)
- ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ Nirankaar The Formless One; God with no shape
Pauri 19
- ਨਾਵ Naav Names (of God)
- ਥਾਵ Thaav Places; locations
- ਅਗੰਮ Agamm Beyond reach; unreachable
- ਅਖਰੀ Akhree Through words or letters
- ਨਾਉ Naa-o The Name (of God)
Pauri 20
- ਮਤਿ Mat The mind; one's thinking
- ਪਾਪ Paap Wrongdoing; sin
- ਨਾਵੈ Naavai Of the Name (of God)
- ਬੀਜਿ Beej To sow; to plant a seed
- ਹੁਕਮੀ Hukmee By God's command or order
Pauri 21
- ਤੀਰਥੁ Teerath A pilgrimage; a holy bathing place
- ਦਾਨੁ Daan Giving to charity
- ਅੰਤਰਗਤਿ Antargat Deep inside oneself
- ਆਕਾਰੁ Aakaar Form; the created world
- ਕਰਤਾ Kartaa The Creator; the Maker
Pauri 22
- ਪਾਤਾਲ Paataal The worlds below; nether worlds
- ਆਗਾਸ Aagaas The skies; the heavens above
- ਲਖ Lakh Hundreds of thousands; countless
- ਲੇਖਾ Lekhaa An account; a count or reckoning
Pauri 23
- ਸਾਲਾਹਿ Saalaah To praise; to give thanks
- ਸੁਰਤਿ Surat Understanding; awareness
- ਸਮੁੰਦ Samund The ocean
- ਕੀੜੀ Keerhee An ant (the smallest of creatures)
Pauri 24
- ਅੰਤੁ Ant Limit; the end or edge of something
- ਸਿਫਤੀ Siftee Praises; virtues
- ਆਕਾਰੁ Aakaar Creation; all the shapes and forms
- ਨਦਰੀ Nadree By His glance of grace
Pauris 25–32 Open →
Pauri 25
- ਕਰਮੁ Karam Grace; blessing; God's bounty
- ਦਾਤਾ Daataa The Giver
- ਤਮਾਇ Tamaa-e Greed; wanting something back
- ਦਾਤਿ Daat A gift
Pauri 26
- ਅਮੁਲ Amul Priceless; beyond any value
- ਵਾਪਾਰ Vaapaar Dealing; trade (here, the practice of devotion)
- ਭੰਡਾਰ Bhandaar Treasure; storehouse
- ਆਖਹਿ Aakheh They speak; they describe
Pauri 27
- ਦਰੁ Dar Door; gateway
- ਗਾਵਹਿ Gaaveh They sing (His praise)
- ਰਚਨਾ Rachnaa Creation; all that is made
- ਰਜਾਈ Rajaa-ee Within His will
Pauri 28
- ਸੰਤੋਖੁ Santokh Contentment; being happy with what you have
- ਧਿਆਨ Dhiaan Meditation; lovingly focusing the mind on God
- ਪਰਤੀਤਿ Parteet Faith; trust
- ਆਦੇਸੁ Aades A humble salutation; a respectful bow
Pauri 29
- ਭੁਗਤਿ Bhugat Food; nourishment (here, spiritual food)
- ਗਿਆਨੁ Giaan Divine wisdom; true knowledge
- ਦਇਆ Daiaa Kindness; compassion
- ਸੰਜੋਗੁ Sanjog Union; coming together
Pauri 30
- ਮਾਈ Maaee Mother; here, the creative power
- ਫੁਰਮਾਣੁ Furmaan Command; order
- ਵੇਖੈ Vekhai Watches; looks after
- ਵਿਡਾਣੁ Vidaan Wonder; amazing marvel
Pauri 31
- ਆਸਣੁ Aasan Seat; throne; resting place
- ਭੰਡਾਰ Bhandaar Storehouses; treasuries
- ਸਿਰਜਣਹਾਰੁ Sirjanhaar The Creator; the One who makes
- ਕਾਰ Kaar Work; doing; action
Pauri 32
- ਜੀਭੌ Jeebhau Tongue
- ਨਾਮੁ Naam God's Name; remembering God
- ਪਵੜੀਆ Pavreeaa Steps; rungs of a ladder
- ਨਦਰੀ Nadree By God's gracious glance; by grace
Pauris 33–38 Open →
Pauri 33
- ਜੋਰੁ Jor Power; strength; force
- ਜੁਗਤੀ Jugtee The way; the method
- ਉਤਮੁ Utam High; noble; the best
- ਨੀਚੁ Neech Low; lesser
Pauri 34
- ਧਰਮ ਸਾਲ Dharam saal A home or school for living rightly
- ਦਰਬਾਰੁ Darbaar God's Court
- ਕਰਮੀ Karmee According to one's deeds
- ਨਦਰੀ Nadree By God's grace; glance of mercy
Pauri 35
- ਖੰਡ Khand Realm; a stage of spiritual growth
- ਗਿਆਨ Giaan Knowledge; spiritual understanding
- ਕੇਤੇ Kete So many; countless
- ਅੰਤੁ Ant End; limit
Pauri 36
- ਪਰਚੰਡੁ Parchand Blazing bright; powerful
- ਅਨੰਦੁ Anand Bliss; deep joy
- ਸਰਮ ਖੰਡ Saram khand The Realm of Effort (spiritual striving)
- ਅਨੂਪੁ Anoop Beyond compare; wonderfully beautiful
Pauri 37
- ਕਰਮ ਖੰਡ Karam khand The Realm of Grace
- ਸਚ ਖੰਡ Sach khand The Realm of Truth
- ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰੁ Nirankaar The Formless One; God with no shape
- ਜੋਧ Jodh Warriors; brave ones
- ਨਦਰਿ Nadar Glance of grace; God's loving look
Pauri 38
- ਜਤੁ Jat Self-control; self-discipline
- ਧੀਰਜੁ Dheeraj Patience
- ਟਕਸਾਲ Taksaal A mint (where coins are made)
- ਸਬਦੁ Sabad The Divine Word
- ਨਦਰਿ Nadar Glance of grace
The closing Salok Open →
Closing Salok
- ਪਵਣੁ Pavan Air; the breath of life
- ਧਰਤਿ Dharat The earth
- ਨਾਮੁ Naam God's Name; remembrance of God
- ਮੁਖ ਉਜਲੇ Mukh ujle Bright, radiant faces (honoured before God)
Where this goes next
Japji Sahib is the first bani of the daily Nitnem, so a child who can read it has the hardest part of Nitnem behind them. The hub has the full path on one page, a word-by-word recitation video, and per-stanza coloring sheets for the days when reading is too much.
What your child will be able to do
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Read Ready now
"…read Japji Sahib aloud by myself — accurately and with expression."
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Listen Ready now
"…follow Japji Sahib recited aloud, line by line."
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Speak Ready now
"…recite Japji Sahib aloud to a grown-up — the whole path in one sitting."
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Write Ready now
"…write the key words from any pauri of Japji Sahib."
Use these any time
Questions parents ask
- My child reads Punjabi well but struggles with Gurbani. Is something wrong?
- No — that gap is expected, and it is the whole reason this level exists. Everyday Punjabi and the Punjabi of Japji Sahib are centuries apart: the vocabulary is older, the word endings are different, and the lines are written to be recited rather than spoken. A child arriving from Level 5 can decode every letter on the page and still not recognise the words. Reading in order, with the recitation playing, is how the ear catches up.
- Do they need to understand it before they can recite it?
- Not before — alongside. Waiting for full understanding means never starting, because the meaning of Japji Sahib is something people return to for a lifetime. Every stanza page shows the English meaning line by line, and the key words in the Write section are the ones worth knowing first. Understand a little more each time round.
- How long does it take to get to the whole path in one sitting?
- Longer than any other level here, and that is not a failure — it is 41 stanzas. A stanza every few days, going back over the ones already done, puts most children somewhere between six months and a year. The milestone that matters is not the finish; it is the first time they get through a whole step without being corrected.
- I can't read Punjabi well myself. Can I still be the one listening?
- Yes, and this is the level where that matters least. Every stanza page shows the transliteration under each line and plays the recitation with the words highlighted as they are read. You follow the highlighting, not the Gurmukhi. If your child says a word differently from what you hear, that is the correction — you do not need to read it to catch it.
- Should they memorise it or read it?
- Read it. Memorising comes on its own from repetition, and children who memorise first often end up reciting something they can no longer find on the page. The goal written on this level is reading aloud accurately and with expression — if it ends up memorised along the way, that is a side effect, not the target.